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Non-coking coal, also known as thermal coal, is a type of coal that is used primarily for producing steam for electricity generation or industrial processes. Unlike coking coal, which is used in the production of coke for steelmaking, non-coking coal is not suitable for use in the coke-making process due to its lower carbon content and different properties.

Some key characteristics of non-coking coal include:

1. High Calorific Value: Non-coking coal has a high calorific value, meaning it produces a large amount of heat energy when burned. This makes it suitable for use in power plants and industrial boilers.
2. Low Ash Content: Non-coking coal typically has a low ash content, which means that it produces less ash when burned. This is important for reducing the amount of waste produced during combustion.
3. Low Sulfur Content: Non-coking coal generally has a moderate sulfur content, which is important for reducing emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) when burned. Lower sulfur content coal is preferred to minimize environmental impact.
4. Low Volatile Matter: Non-coking coal has a low volatile matter content, which means that it produces less smoke and particulate matter when burned. This is important for reducing air pollution.

Non-coking coal is typically classified into different grades based on its calorific value, moisture content, sulfur content, and ash content. These grades can vary depending on the coal’s origin and characteristics.

Non-coking coal is a major source of energy for electricity generation in many countries around the world, particularly in regions where coal is abundant and affordable. However, its use has come under scrutiny due to its environmental impact, particularly its contribution to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. As a result, there is increasing interest in cleaner and more sustainable alternatives to non-coking coal for electricity generation.